許多所謂的除蟲「解決方法」比害蟲本身還更有害。以下是一些最有效、安全且人道的方法。請注意：即使是天然的食物與油品也可能對寵物具有高度毒性，因此飼主使用時需小心，並查詢是否有毒。
Many pest control “solutions” are far more harmful than the pests they aim to get rid of. Here are some of the most effective, safe and humane methods. Please note that even natural foods and oils can be highly toxic to pets, so pet owners should use with caution and check for any toxicity.

一般建議
General Advice

預防
Prevention

將食物密封保存。請使用盒子、袋子與冰箱。廚餘請放入有蓋的容器中。垃圾袋不要敞開放置。Seal food.  Use boxes, bags and the fridge.  Use sealed containers for food scraps. Ensure garbage bags aren’t left open. 

清除所有食物殘留。
Clean away all traces of food.  

封住害蟲可能進入的洞口或裂縫，但要確保不要把動物困在密閉空間內。
Seal openings such as holes or cracks where the pests can come through, but make sure you don’t trap any of the creatures inside an enclosed space.   

關閉窗戶與門。
Keep windows and doors closed.

不要讓水積在某個地方（螞蟻、蟑螂等會靠喝水生存）。
Don’t leave areas of standing water (various creatures such as ants and cockroaches may survive by drinking the water).

Silicon lid over plug

用蓋子蓋住排水孔或水槽。可以使用矽膠杯蓋*，這能防止蚊子在水中產卵，也能防止昆蟲在水龍頭開啟時被沖走，避免牠們喝水，或可能進入室內。
Keep drains and plug holes covered.  Using silicone cup covers* is one way.  This can stop mosquitoes from laying eggs in the water, save insects from being washed away when the tap is running, stops them from drinking the water and possibly from coming in. 
從現在起，所有標有*的技巧，皆由本作者和地球和事佬基金會創辦人 Luc 所發明。
_{(Henceforth any techniques marked} * _{were invented by Luc the author and the founder of the Peacemaker Foundation})

如何抓住害蟲
How to catch pests 

在容器底部放些食物，放一段時間。當動物進入後，把容器封住並帶到戶外放生。
Put some food at the base of a container and leave it for a while.  Once the creatures are in the container seal it and take outside to release.    

用透明塑膠容器將動物圍住，再用卡片滑入底部。將卡片壓住，帶到外面釋放。對於蚊子、蜘蛛、螞蟻、蟑螂等小型動物，一隻單手可握的塑膠杯或小盒子通常足夠。但這方法不太適合抓老鼠，若容器夠大，也不是不可能。
Pursue and trap the creature within a transparent plastic container and then slide card underneath. Hold the card in place, take outside and release. For creatures such as mosquitoes, spiders, ants and cockroaches a plastic tub or cup small enough to be held with one hand is usually big enough. Not a recommended method for catching rodents, however; this is also possible with a larger container.

使用吸蟲器，如 Bug Buster 或 Bug Zooka。對小型蟑螂、蜘蛛和蚊子特別有效。
Use a bug vacuum, such as the Bug Buster or Bug Zooka.  Especially effective with small cockroaches, spiders and mosquitoes.  

白牆能幫助你更容易發現許多動物，尤其是蚊子。
White walls make spotting many creatures easier, especially mosquitoes.  

蚊子
Mosquitoes

防蚊措施
Mosquitoes Prevention

使用紗窗（通常裝在窗戶上）。
Use mosquito screens (normally over windows). 

使用蚊帳（若有需要，通常掛在床上）。
Use mosquito nets (usually over beds if needed).

不要留下蚊子能產卵的積水。
Don’t leave areas of standing water where mosquitos can breed.

為了不吸引蚊子，避免穿黑色衣服、抽菸、喝酒與過多香水。
In order to not attract mosquitoes, avoid black clothing, smoking, alcohol and excessive amounts of perfume.  

天然防蚊劑（注意：許多精油對貓、狗及其他寵物具高度毒性。有養寵物者請避免使用或查詢毒性）：Natural Mosquito Repellents (NOTE:  many essential oils are highly toxic to cats and dogs and other pets. Avoid using them if you have a pet or check toxicity carefully.)

• 香茅 Lemon grass

• 迷迭香 Rosemary

• 尤加利油 Eucalyptus oil 

• 薄荷油 Peppermint oil

• 薰衣草 Lavender

• 羅勒 Basil

• 大蒜 Garlic

防蚊技巧
Mosquito Repellent Techniques

蘋果醋（塗抹在蚊子叮咬處，有助消腫，也可能有防蚊效果）。
Apple Cider Vinegar (apply to bites on skin to help swelling go down and may also repel mosquitoes). 

引誘蚊子：放幾塊水果（蘋果即可）在無螞蟻的盤子或瓶子裡，靠近你放置。這可能吸引蚊子遠離你。特別適合在睡覺時使用，將其放在枕頭附近。這也可能吸引更多蚊子，所以僅在門窗密封、室內已有蚊子的情況下使用。Mosquito lure: To reduce the chance of being bitten place some pieces of fruit right (apple works) near you on an ant free plate or in a bottle. This can attract the mosquito away from you. Especially suitable when sleeping, – place nearby your pillow. This could attract more mosquitoes so only do this if doors and windows are sealed and mosquitoes are already in the room!

電風扇
Fans

把風扇或冷氣的風對準你將躺下或坐下的位置上方*，氣流會吹走蚊子及牠們所依賴的二氧化碳。
Direct the breeze from a fan or air conditioning unit to just above where you will lie or sit.* The breeze will blow the mosquitos away as well as the carbon dioxide in your breathe to which they’re attracted.* *(_{invented by author)}

使用紙扇、雨傘、報紙等物品拍走蚊子，尤其是在出入建築物時。可在扇子紙面或布面上塗些天然防蚊油，但要小心部分油品可能刺激眼睛。*
Use a hand-held paper fan, umbrella, newspaper or similar object to waft away mosquitoes, especially when going in or out of a building.  You can dab natural repellent oils onto the fan’s paper or cloth but beware of any eye irritation from some oils.* *(_{invented by author)}

出入門口時可用門當作扇子：快速打開，部分關閉，再迅速開門進入。*
When exiting or entering a building you can use the door as a fan: quickly open, partly close, and then reopen the door and quickly enter.* 

如何抓蚊子
How to catch mosquitoes     

使用瓶子陷阱。對其他飛蟲也有效。瓶中昆蟲常不會活太久，請常常檢查並放生。可設定鬧鐘提醒你檢查。為了吸引更多蚊子，可在瓶子外包上黑布、黑紙或深色襪子（檢查時記得移除）。
Use a bottle trap. Also works for other flying bugs.  The bugs often don’t survive for long in the bottle so check it frequently and release any bugs. You could set an alarm to periodically ring to remind you to check. To get more mosquitoes you can also wrap the bottle in a removable dark cloth, paper or sock (remove when checking). 

螞蟻與蟑螂這類爬行昆蟲
Ants, cockroaches & other crawling bugs

自製護蟲盤（防蟲水盤）
DIY Moat plates 

儘管應限制積水，水本身仍是良好的防線。可拿一個大盤子稍微加水，再在上面放一個小盤子，就能做成防蟲水盤*。蟲越大，護城河要越寬。
Although it’s often best to limit the amount of exposed standing water, water is also an effective barrier.  You can take a plate and fill slightly with water and then add another smaller plate on top to create a bug-free moat plate.*  The bigger the bugs, the bigger the moat needs to be.    

在大托盤上貼五個吸盤。加水形成防蟲盤，再放一個小托盤在上面。* 若只針對螞蟻，盤子中不加水，而是在吸盤上塗凡士林即可。
Push down five suction cups onto the top surface of a large tray.  To stop all crawling bugs fill the tray with water.  Then add a smaller tray on top to create a DIY bug-proof tray.*  A problem is that bugs may drink the water and ants may get trapped in it.  For ants only then instead of filling with water simply add petroleum jelly/Vaseline onto the suction cups.  

螞蟻
Ants

防螞蟻措施
Ants Prevention

防螞蟻托盤。有些可購買的防螞蟻托盤使用水，效果通常良好。若僅靠設計中的物理障礙，效果可能不完全。但可加上凡士林，使其幾乎百分百有效。
Ant proof trays.  Some ant-proof trays available to buy use water and are often effective.  If the ant-proof trays just use physical barriers within the design (without water) they may not be 100% effective.  However; you can add Petroleum jelly (henceforth P.J) to the barriers making them close to 100% effective.      

凡士林是極佳的防螞蟻障礙物。可在螞蟻出入口畫一圈凡士林，比起封死洞口更好，因為不會把牠們困住。在桌腳或床腳塗上凡士林也能防螞蟻，盆栽底部也可塗，以防螞蟻築巢。
P.J or Vaseline is a great ant barrier.  Make a ring of P.J around ant holes.  This is preferable to blocking the holes because it won’t trap them inside. Put P.J around the legs of tables or beds to make them ant-proof.  Also put P.J under the rims of plant pots to stop ants from nesting in the soil.    

其他可作為障礙的材料（效果通常不如水或凡士林）包括：粉筆、爽身粉、白雲石粉、辣椒粉、辣椒、肉桂、咖啡渣。也可使用肉桂油、柑橘油與檸檬汁（可用線浸泡），這些也能放在櫃子角落作為驅蟻劑。
Other materials that can serve as ant barriers (but are usually less effective than P.J or water) are chalk, talcum powder, dolomite, hot chilli powder, cayenne pepper, cinnamon, and coffee grounds. Also effective are cinnamon oil, citrus oil, and lemon juice (all of which can also be soaked into a piece of string). These barrier materials are often unpleasant for ants so you can put some in corners of cubbies and drawers as a deterrent as well as the other natural repellents listed below.  

天然驅蟻劑
Natural Ant Repellents
(注意：許多精油對寵物有毒)
(NOTE: many essential oils are highly toxic to pets)

• 蘋果醋 (Apple cider) vinegar

• 檸檬汁 Lemon juice

• 肉桂 Cinnamon 

• 大蒜 Garlic 

• 薄荷 Peppermint

• 碳酸氫鈉(小蘇打粉) Sodium bicarbonate (Baking soda) 

• 小黃瓜（皮也可以）Cucumber (peels work fine) 

如何抓螞蟻
How to catch ants

在瓶口周圍塗植物油，在瓶內放螞蟻喜歡的食物。可將瓶子埋入土中。
Put vegetable oil around the rim of a jar. Place food that ants like inside the jar. Can also put the jar into a hole in the ground.  

蟑螂
Cockroaches

防蟑措施
Cockroach prevention

壁虎會吃蟑螂。如果你不想要蟑螂而看到壁虎，就讓牠留著。
Geckos eat cockroaches. So if you don’t want cockroaches and see a gecko just leave it be. 

用醋水清潔表面。
Clean surfaces with vinegar mixed with water.  

丟掉紙箱（蟑螂喜歡紙箱）。
Get rid of cardboard (cockroaches love it).

天然驅蟑劑
Natural cockroach Repellents
(注意：許多精油對寵物有毒)
(NOTE: many essential oils are highly toxic to pets)

• 茶樹油（毒性強）Tea tree oil (highly toxic)

• 柏樹油 Cypress oil

• 薄荷油 Peppermint oil

• 薄荷葉 Mint

• 月桂葉 Bay leaves

• 小黃瓜 Cucumbers

• 大蒜 Garlic

• 貓薄荷 Catnip
(但要注意對貓的影響) (but be aware of its effects on some cats)

天然驅蟑技巧
Natural cockroach repellent techniques

有些插電設備會發出蟑螂不喜歡的頻率（但效果不一定）。
Some plug-in devices are available which emit frequencies supposedly unpleasant for cockroaches (but results are often mixed).

如何抓蟑螂
How to catch cockroaches

人道蟑螂陷阱可以讓蟑螂進入卻無法逃出。為了防止螞蟻進入，可將陷阱放在防蟻盤中，或用粉筆或凡士林畫圈圍住陷阱。
Humane cockroach traps allow cockroaches in but not out.  To stop ants while still attracting cockroaches put the trap onto an ant-proof tray or draw a line of chalk or P.J around the traps.      

老鼠
Rats & Mice

防鼠措施
Rodent Prevention

預防遠勝於事後處理。阻止牠們接觸到食物、水、棲身處與築巢地點。
It cannot be emphasised enough: prevention is better than cure. Prevent access to food, water, shelter and nesting sites. 

封住洞口是一種方法。使用鋼絲絨快速有效。但要確保不會把動物困在裡面。可先在封住處放一些驅鼠劑，等待一段時間讓動物離開後再封口。
One way is to block holes. Using steel wool is a quick and effective way. Just be sure to not trap any animals inside an enclosed space. To reduce risk of this you could add one of the repellents below to the area you wish to seal off, wait a period of time for the animals to vacate and then seal the opening(s). 

將食物與飲料盡量裝入密封容器。若無法密封，則應放在老鼠無法跳上去的表面上。例如：將食物放在中間只有一根柱腳的高桌上，並且離其他家具有距離，這樣比放在可輕易攀爬的桌子上安全。
Put sources of food and drink in sealed containers wherever possible, or if left open then on surfaces beyond jumping distance from any other ledges or surfaces that a rodent could access. For example, food on a  high table with a single central leg, placed in the middle of a large room would be safer than food on a table with adjoining furniture.

天然驅鼠劑
Natural Rodent Repellent

薄荷油：滴在棉花球上，放在角落。每一兩天更換棉花球，持續一至兩週，然後封住洞口。可加牛至油提升效果。也可用擴香器散播薄荷油。但注意！薄荷油對貓狗有毒，用這方法時寵物絕對不能在室內。
Peppermint oil. Place peppermint oil onto cotton pads and place in the corners of the space. Add more cotton pads every day or two for a week or two, and then seal any holes. You can also add some oil of Oregano for extra potency. Another way is to place the peppermint oil in a diffuser. Note that Peppermint oil, while generally safe for humans, is toxic to cats and dogs! They absolutely cannot be in the room if you use this method.

香杉油：是美國 FDA 認可的「Fresh Cab」驅鼠劑成分。（避免在貓狗附近使用）。
Balsam Fir Oil. This is used in the FDA approved ‘Fresh cab’ repellent available to buy.  (avoid use around dogs and especially cats).

在非洲，白刺樹（Senegalia polyacantha subsp. campylacantha）的根會釋出可驅趕老鼠、蛇、鱷魚的氣味。
In Africa the roots of the Whitethorn/Witdoring tree (Senegalia polyacantha subsp. campylacantha) emit chemicals that repel rats, snakes as well as crocodiles. 

在遭鼠患處滴少量貓尿也有效，但尿液中的氨會影響健康，且可能吸引其他動物。若使用，請戴口罩並保持通風。或者直接養一隻貓，但貓可能不會抓老鼠，而且有弓蟲感染風險。
Note that adding small amounts of cat urine to infested areas also works but the ammonia in the urine can be unhealthy to inhale beyond a certain amount and may also attract other animals. If you do this then use with caution and wear a good mask or ventilate as you place the urine. Alternatively, just get a cat, but the cat may not be a mouser, and with cats around rodents there is the risk of Toxoplasma.  

驅鼠技巧
Rodent Repellent Techniques

插電裝置可發出對老鼠不舒服但人聽不到的頻率（效果有時短暫或不穩定）。
Plug-in devices that emit frequencies unpleasant for rodents but supposedly inaudible to humans (this method does not always work, or sometimes only works for a short time).

閃光燈（效果有限，老鼠可能會習慣）。
Strobe lighting (limited effectiveness as the rodents can become used to it).        

混合沙拉油、辣根、大蒜與辣椒，靜置幾天後濾出，用噴瓶噴在表面。
Mix salad oil, horseradish, garlic and cayenne pepper. Let the oil sit several days, then strain. Use a spray bottle to coat surfaces.      

如何抓老鼠
How to catch rodents
注意：被困住的動物會承受極大壓力，尤其在極端氣溫下，可能撐不了多久就無法活下去。因此請務必經常檢查陷阱，並盡快在適當的地點將牠們放生！
Note: The trapped creatures undergo a lot of stress and may not survive for very long in the trap, especially in extreme temperatures. So please do remember to check traps regularly and set the creatures free as soon as possible in a suitable place!

有許多可重複使用的人道老鼠陷阱可買。放好誘餌，設定機關，老鼠進入即關門。帶去安全地點釋放。有些陷阱可同時捕捉多隻老鼠。
Humane mouse and rat traps are widely available. Add the bait and set so the door will shut once the rodent goes inside. Take to a suitable place and release. Some traps allow for capture of multiple rodents. 

可用一個大塑膠垃圾桶，裡面放食物或一座小橋引誘老鼠跳進去。桶子夠高又光滑時牠們無法爬出。但要注意！若桶內有一點水，老鼠可能會溺斃。若放在室外，請避免下雨淋入水。也可放一塊石頭讓牠們站立，並經常檢查。
A large, smooth, plastic dustbin with food at the bottom or on a little walkway over the bin. The rats or mice may jump in, or be lured to fall in, but cannot get out as long as the bin is high and smooth enough. Please note: if there is even a little water in the container there is a very real risk of the animal drowning! If outside, then make sure it cannot catch the rain. Alternatively, you can place a stone or something for the rodent to stand on and check it regularly.

journal.chrisglass.com

請在下方下載這篇貼文的 PDF。
Download this post as a PDF below

英文版請點這裡 For English version click HERE

‘‘Work is love made visible’’ (Khalil Gibran)
(工作是看得見的愛。)

原始文字與部分圖片由作者提供，翻譯由 ChatGPT 協助完成。
Original text & some images by author, translated with the help of ChatGPT

地球和事佬
The Peacemaker Foundation

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